The Piano Lesson Themes - Sutters Ghost

The Piano Lesson Themes - Sutters Ghost Supernatural themes lurk throughout August Wilsons drama, The Piano Lesson. But to fully understand the function of the ghost character in The Piano Lesson, readers may want to become familiar with the plot and characters of The Piano Lesson. Sutters Ghost During the play, several characters see the ghost of Mr. Sutter, the man who probably murdered the father of Berniece and Boy Willie. Sutter was also the legal owner of the piano. There are different ways of interpreting the ghost: The ghost is a product of the characters imagination.The ghost symbolizes oppression.Or it is an actual ghost! Assuming the ghost is real and not symbolism, the next question is: What does the ghost want? Revenge? (Berniece believes that her brother pushed Sutter down a well). Forgiveness? (This doesnt seem likely since Sutters ghost is antagonistic rather than repentant). It may simply be that Sutters ghost wants the piano. In Toni Morrisons beautiful foreword to the 2007 publication of The Piano Lesson, she states: Even a threatening ghost hovering in any room it chooses pales before the gripping fear of what is outside - the steady, casual intimacy with imprisonment and violent death. She also observes that Against years of menace and routine violence, wrestling with a ghost is mere play. Morrisons analysis is spot on. During the plays climax, Boy Willie enthusiastically battles the ghosts, running up the stairs, tumbling down again, only to go charging back up. Grappling with the specter is sport in comparison to the hazards of the oppressive 1940s society. Spirits of the Family Bernieces suitor, Avery, is a religious man. In order to disconnect the ghosts ties to the piano, Avery agrees to bless Bernieces house. When Avery, an up-and-coming reverend, passionately recites passages from the Bible, the ghost does not budge. In fact, the ghost becomes even more aggressive, and this is when Boy Willie finally witnesses the ghost and their battle begins. In the middle of The Piano Lessons chaotic final scene, Berniece has an epiphany. She realizes that she must call on the spirits of her mother, father, and grandparents. She sits down at the piano and, for the first time in a year, she plays. She sings for the spirits of her family to help her. As her music becomes more powerful, more insistent, the ghost goes away, the battle upstairs ceases, and even her stubborn brother has a change of heart. Throughout the play, Boy Willie demanded that he sell the piano. But once he hears his sister play the piano and sing to her deceased relatives, he understands that the musical heirloom is meant to stay with his Berniece and her daughter. By embracing music once again, Berniece and Boy Willie now appreciate the pianos purpose, one that is both familiar and divine.

Analytical Essay Sample on Gilgamesh and His Journey

Analytical Essay Sample on Gilgamesh and His Journey The Epic Gilgamesh chronicles the journey of a king. Gilgamesh is a king that flaunts his power and enviably shows his week side in most altercations. Gilgamesh has many trials, some he fails, and some he succeeds. Gilgamesh uses his faults and the help of the gods to fuel his desire to succeed as a human. Gilgameshs journey begins with the meeting of the monster that that a trapper spotted outside his city of Uruk. Its name is Enkidu; he is half man and half beast. This causes conflict in the beginning, but all is solved when the men realize their love for each other. They broke doorposts and the walls shook. He bent his knee with his foot planted on the ground and with a turn Enkidu was thrown. There is not another like you who is as strong as a wild ox now you are raised above all men, and Enlil has given you the kingship. So Enkidu and Gilgamesh embraced and their friendship was sealed. (69) Now that the men are allies they choose to work together. In a dream of Gilgamesh, Enlil of the mountain, declared the destiny of Gilgamesh. (70) He was so distraught because he had yet to make a name for himself. I will set up my name in the place where the names of famous men are written. He and Enkidu went to the forest where the monster Humbaba lived. There they began the search for the monster. Enkidu brought up the point that the forest is quite large and this monster is very mean. (71) Gilgamesh panics, he is worried about his name and what people will say about him. So they call on the God who owns the forest, Shamash. Gilgamesh sacrificed a goat to the god; Shamash accepts it and enables the men to find the monster. When the men finally find Humbaba they panic once again and Gilgamesh prays for help. Glorious Shamash heard his prayer and he summoned the great wind.(81) With the great help of Shamash Gilgamesh fell the monster Humbaba Gilgamesh gained the acclaim he wished for, but if not for the help other the God and Enkidu; Gilga mesh would not have made a name for himself. Gilgamesh cleans up after the kill and attacks the god Ishtar. She finds irresistible him so, she asks him to marry her. Come to me Gilgamesh, and be my bridegroom: grant me seed of your body So things as a couple go well, until Istar accuses Gilgamesh of insulting her. She complains to her father Anu, he doesnt give her what she wants, so she steals the guardian of the underworld, the Bull of Heaven. (87) She sics the Bull of heaven on Gilgamesh, but it ravishes the town of Uruk instead. So Gilgamesh kills it in the honor of the god Shamash. Than in turn angers his new love, the god Istar. Because they have killed the Bull of Heaven, and because they have killed Humbaba who guarded the Cedar Mountain one of the two must die. (89) Enkidu had a dream that this would happen. Oh my brother, such a dream I had last night. Anu, Enlil, Ea, and heavenly Shamash took council together (89). In resentment for his life, Enkidu denounced all that had helped him, even the god Shamash. After those remarks it was decided that Enkidu was the one to die. Gilgamesh was helpless. The gods he so relied on were taking his brother. Showing that the hand that feeds can take and it can give. Because I am afraid of death I will go as best I can to find Utnapishtim whom the gods took after the deluge; and the set him to live the garden of the sun; and to him alone of men they gave everlasting life. (97) Gilgamesh journeys for a great length of time. He reaches a garden of the gods, they tell him to go back, but he keeps going. Finally he is directed to the ferryman of Utnapishtim who takes Gilgamesh to Utnapistim. Upon arrival he introduces himself and immediately askes Utnapistim how he obtained everlasting life, Utnapistim replies that Gilgamesh will know soon enough. Utnapistim tells Gilgamesh of the great flood from which he escaped. Enlil punished or granted Utnapistim and his with wife with everlasting life. Gilgamesh still pushes Utnapistim for gives of immortality. He gives Gilgamesh a task, Gilgamesh is not to sleep for six days and seven nights and he well receive immorality. He fails. Utnapistim tries to send Gilgamesh home, but Gilgamesh will not let him. He gi ves Gilgamesh another task, There is plant that grows under water, it has a prickle like thorn, like a rose; it will wound your hands, but if you succeed in taking it, then your hands will hold that which restores his lost youth to a man. (116) He finds the flower, but he left it out and a serpent took it and shed its skin and became young. So Gilgamesh took Urshanabi, the ferryman back to Uruk. When they arrived, Gilgamesh asked Urshanabi to climb the city wall and gaze at all that Gilgamesh had created. All Gilgamesh wanted was to be with his friend Enkidu forever. He failed, but in doing so he saw the good he had done for his city. He had made a name there with his citizens and in engraving his story on stone. Gilgamesh was a man and a king with superhuman power. The underlying forces in his power were the gods. They helped him to succeed and they helped to him fail. He learned that though his soul goal was immortality, that he did not achieve, he could live and be proud of what he created in his own city. Gilgamesh did leave his mark, after five thousand years people still learn of the journey of the great Gilgamesh.

Criminal Conduct and Criminal Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Criminal Conduct and Criminal Law - Essay Example The consideration of mens rea is important because it separates those crimes that were committed willfully, and those acts that were accidental. The willful element shows that the person desired the outcome and should be responsible, or the outcome so desired. The lack of the willful element may mean that the outcome was desired and was not even planned for. It is only fair not to punish someone for an act they did by mistake, and they did not even desire the outcome. However, at times, the law has to go a step further and see whether the outcome was foreseeable, or if the person performing the act was so negligent in acting that he could not even consider the occurrence of the act. If a person pulls a trigger of a loaded gun to check whether the gun is working, he will be responsible for the murder or injury that is occasioned if the bullet hits somebody. It is only fair that people be held criminally liable for criminal acts that occur due to negligence on their part even if they did not have the requisite mens rea. From the above analysis, it is noted that there is no clear answer on whether a person is criminally liable or not considering the lack of mens rea. Each case is to be in light of the prevailing circumstances (Herring, 2013). Legislative immunity is immunity that is accorded to legislators in parliament in the process of passing laws. Legislative immunity applies to actions that the legislators may do, or words said in the process of formulating legislation. Legislative immunity is important because it accords the legislators protection from being sued for libel arising out of words spoken in Parliament. However, it is to be noted that this immunity is not absolute and can be removed by the courts on application by an interested party. The parliament can also remove the immunity through amending the law, although this will not act retrogressively. Legislative immunity is meant to ensure freedom of speech during

The killing of US citizen Anwar al Awlaki in Yemen Research Paper

The killing of US citizen Anwar al Awlaki in Yemen - Research Paper Example President Obama sought to justify the killing by stating that Anwar and his Al-Qaeda affiliates guided a failed trial or attempt to bomb an airplane in December 2009 during Christmas celebrations. Further, the president stated that Anwar also directed a failed trial to bomb an American cargo aircraft in 2010 (CBSNEWS.Com, 2012). The killing of Anwar al-Alwaki by a missile assault elicited a heated debate on the U.S justification of using lethal force against American citizens. For the first time since the end of American civil war, the U.S government had conducted an intentional and deliberate killing or murder of an American resident or citizen as a wartime foe and in absence of trial. The American government tried to keep the matter a secret but the choice to hunt and murder Anwar became an issue of public debate and scrutiny. Some American wondered the limitation of the powers of the president if he can order the killing of Americans abroad based on secret intelligence. It is significant to note that the killings of Anwar in Yemen brought in new information about the intelligence, military and legal challenges that the U.S government faced. This is because it shows the risks or perils of war, depending on missile strike from drone rarely recognized by the U.S citizens and intricate justifications written for only a selected few officials to read (The New Times, 2013). It is believed that Anwar al-Alwaki and Samir Khan who killed in the drone strike were al-Qaeda operational leader in Yemen. The two were U.S citizens who had never been accused by the American government nor indicted with any crime. The secrecy behind such drone strikes emerged as major issue because of the legal and ethical issues involved in the killings (Wilson Center, 2012). Information from the U.S department of Justice asserted that the drone missile

Taino Lifestyle Essay Example for Free

Taino Lifestyle Essay The Arawak/Taino society was basically a very gentle culture. It was characterized by happiness, friendliness and a highly organized hierarchical, paternal society, and a lack of guile. Each society was a small kingdom and the leader was called a cacique. The cacique’s function was to keep the welfare of the village by assigning daily work and making sure everyone got an equal share. The relatives of the caciques lived together in large houses in the center of the village. These houses reflect the warmth of the climate and simply used mud, straw and palm leaves. The houses did not contain much furniture. People slept in cotton hammocks or simply on mats of banana leaves. The general population lived in large circular buildings called bohios, constructed with wooden poles, woven straw, and palm leaves. At the time of Columbus there were five different kingdoms on the island of Hispaniola. The Indians practiced polygamy. Most men had 2 or 3 wives, but the caciques had as many as 30. It was a great honor for a woman to be married to a cacique. Not only did she enjoy a materially superior lifestyle, but her children were held in high esteem. HOUSING AND DRESS The Arawak/Taino used two primary architectural styles for their homes. The general population lived in circular buildings with poles providing the primary support and these were covered with woven straw and palm leaves. They were somewhat like North American teepees except rather than being covered with skins they needed to reflect the warmth of the climate and simply used straw and palm leaves. The caciques were singled out for unique housing. Their house were rectangular and even featured a small porch. Despite the difference in shape, and the considerably larger buildings, the same materials were used. When the Africans came beginning in 1507 they introduced mud and wattle as primary building materials. However, there is no record of the Arawak/Tainos having used these materials. The house of the cacique contained only his own family. However, given the number of wives he might have, this constituted a huge family. The round houses of the common people were also large. Each one had about 10-15 men and their whole families. Thus any Arawak/Taino home might house a hundred people. The houses did not contain much furniture. People slept in cotton hammocks or simply on mats of banana leaves. They also made wooden chairs with woven seats, couches and built cradles for their children. In addition to houses the typical Arawak/Taino village contained a flat court in the center of the village which was used for ball games and various festivals, both religious and secular. Houses were around this court. This was a hierarchical society, and while there was only one cacique who was paid a tribute (tax) to oversee the village, there were other levels of sub-caciques, who were not paid, but did hold positions of honor. They were liable for various services to the village and cacique. Stone making was especially developed among the Arawak/Tainos, but they seem not to have used it at all in building houses. It was primarily used for tools and especially religious artifacts. The men were generally naked, but the women sometimes wore short skirts. Men and women alike adorned their bodies with paint and shells and other decorations. FOOD AND AGRICULTURE The Arawak/Taino diet, like ours, centered around meat or fish as the primary source of protein. There never were many wild animals to hunt on Hispaniola, but there were some small mammals which were hunted and enjoyed. They also ate snakes, various rodents, bats, worms, birds, in general any living things they could find with the exception of humans. They were able to hunt ducks and turtles in the lakes and sea. The costal natives relied heavily on fishing, and tended to eat their fish either raw or only partially cooked. Since they did grow cotton on the island, the natives had fishing nets made of cotton. The natives of the interior relied more on agriculture and de-emphasized meat or fish in their diet. The Taino had a developed system of agriculture which was environmentally friendly and almost maintenance free. They raised their crops in a conuco, a large mound which was devised especially for farming. They packed the conuco with leaves which improved drainage and protected it from soil erosion. One of the primary crops cultivated by the Taino was cassava or yuca, which they ate as a flat bread. They also grew corn, squash, beans, peppers, sweet potatoes, yams, peanuts as well as tobacco. (As an aside I would like to comment that many people in the pre-Columbian Americas had virtually work free agriculture. This system meant that people living in these materially simple social systems had enormous amounts of free time and often developed elaborate religious rites which took a lot of their time, but also had highly developed systems of games and recreation. There are some nice advantages to very simple living and diet!) One of the Arawak/Taino’s primary crops was cassava. This is a root crop from which a poisonous juice must be squeezed. Then it is baked into a bread like slab. The current method of doing this in Haiti produces a flat bread, sort of like a stale burrito or pizza shell. The Arawak/Taino grew corn (maize), squash, beans, peppers, sweet potatoes, yams and peanuts. They not only had cotton, but they raised tobacco and enjoyed smoking very much. It was not only a part of their social life, but was used in religious ceremonies too. TRANSPORTATION The Arawak/Taino had no large animals like horses, oxen or mules to ride or use for work. But they did have river and sea transportation. They used dugout canoes which were cut from a single tree trunk and used with paddles. They could take 70-80 people in a single canoe and even used them for long travels on the sea. These dugouts allowed fishing the few lakes of Hispaniola as well as fishing out a bit off the coast. DEFENSE The Arawak/Taino themselves were quite peaceful people, but they did have to defend themselves from the Caribs who were cannibals. The Caribs of this area were centered at what is today Puerto Rico, but some did live in northeast Hispaniola, an area that today is the Dominican Republic. The Caribs were war-like cannibals. They often raided the more peaceful Arawak/Tainos, killing off the men, stealing and holding the women for breeding, and fattening the children to eat. Thus the Arawak/Taino had some weapons which they used in defense. They used the bow and arrow, and had developed some poisons for their arrow tips. They had cotton ropes for defensive purposes and some spears with fish hooks on the end. Since there were hardwoods on the island, they did have a war club made of macana. This was about 1†³ thick and reminds one very much of the cocomaque stick used in later Haitian days. They did not develop any armor or specifically defensive weapons (shields, etc.). RELIGION AND MYTH The Arawak/Taino were polytheists and their gods were called zemi. The zemi controlled various functions of the universe, very much like Greek gods did, or like later Haitian Voodoo lwa. However, they do not seem to have had particular personalities like the Greek and Haitian gods/spirits do. There were three primary religious practices: Religious worship and obeisance to the zemi themselves Dancing in the village court during special festivals of thanksgiving or petition Medicine men, or priests, consulting the zemi for advice and healing. This was done in public ceremonies with song and dance People had special dress for the ceremonies which included paint and feathers. From their knees on down they would be covered in shells. The shaman (medicine man or priests) presented the carved figures of the zemi. The cacique sat on wooden stool, a place of honor. (There are many surviving stone carvings of the cacique on his stool.) There was a ceremonial beating of drums. People induced vomiting with a swallowing stick. This was to purge the body of impurities, both a literal physical purging and a symbolic spiritual purging. This ceremonial purging and other rites were a symbolic changing before zemi. Women served bread (a communion rite), first to zemi, then to the cacique followed by the other people. The sacred bread was a powerful protector. (The interesting similarities between this ritual and the Christian practice of eucharist is obvious!) Finally came an oral history lesson — the singing of the village epic in honor of the cacique and his ancestors. As the poet recited he was accompanied by a maraca, a piece of hardwood which was beaten with pebbles. There was an afterlife where the good would be rewarded. They would meet up with dead relatives and friends. Since most of the people they would meet in this paradise were women, it is curious to speculate if it was mainly women who were considered good, or if some other reason accounted for this division of the sexes in the afterlife. There are many stone religious artifacts which have been found in Haiti. The zemi take on strange forms like toads, turtles, snakes, alligators and various distorted and hideous human faces. The zemi, as well as dead caciques, have certain powers over the natural world and must be dealt with. Thus these various services are ways of acknowledging their power (worship and thanksgiving) and at the same time seeking their aid. Because of these powers there are many Arawak/Tanio stories which account for the origins of some experienced phenomena in myth and or magic. Several myths had to do with caves. The sun and moon, for example, came out of caves. Another story tells that the people lived in caves and only came out at night. One guard was supposed to watch carefully over people to be sure they were well divided in the land. However, one day he was late in returning and the sun caught him and turned him into a stone pillar. Another Indian became angry at the sun for its various tricks and decided to leave. He convinced all the women to abandon their men and come with him along with their children. But, the children were deserted, and in their hunger they turned into frogs. The women simply disappeared. This left the men without women. But, they did find some sexless creatures roaming around and eventually captured them. (Actually they used people with a disease like mange since they had rough hands and could hold on to these elusive creatures.) However, they tied these creatures up and put woodpeckers on them. The birds, thinking these were trees started pecking on them and carved out the sex organs of women, thus re-establishing the possibility of survival. A different myth simply tells that once there were no women. Man brought woman from an island where there were only women. The origin of the oceans was in a huge flood which occurred when a father murdered his son (who was about to murder the father), and then put his bones in a calabash. The bones turned to fish and then the gourd broke and all the water of the world flowed from the broken gourd. GENOCIDE AGAINST THE ARAWAK/TAINO INDIANS There is a great debate as to just how many Arawak/Taino inhabited Hispaniola when Columbus landed in 1492. Some of the early Spanish historian/observers claimed there were as many as 3,000,000 to 4,000,000. These numbers seem to be based on very little reliable evidence and are thought to be gross exaggerations. However, since nothing like a census was done, the methods for estimating the numbers are extremely shaky, whether by these early historians or later critics. One long technical article on the population comes in the with the low estimate of 100,000. Several other modern scholars seem to lean more forcefully in the area of 300,000 to 400,000. Whatever the number, what happened to them is extremely tragic. They were not immune to European diseases, especially smallpox, and the Spanish worked them unmercifully in the mines and fields. By 1507 the Spanish were settled and able to do a more reliable job of counting the Arawak/Tainos. It is generally agreed that by 1507 their numbers had shrunk to 60,000. By 1531 the number was down to 600. Today there are no easily discerned traces of the Arawak/Tanio at all except for some of the archaeological remains that have been found. Not only on Hispaniola, but also across the Windward Passage in Cuba, complete genocide was practiced on these natives. Disease was a major cause of their demise. However, on Columbus’ 2nd voyage he began to require a tribute from the Arawak/Tainos. They were expected to yield a certain quantity of gold per capita. Failing that each adult of 14 was required to submit 25lbs. of cotton. For those who could not produce the cotton either, there was a service requirement for them to work for the Spanish. This set the stage for a system of assigning the Arawak/Taino to Spanish settlers as effective slave labor. This system contributed significantly to their genocide.

Essay example --

What do I want to be when I grow up? What is answer to that question lies in some self-evaluation. What are my strengths and what are my weaknesses? What do I love to do and what I hate doing with my time. What would be realistic in the next maybe 60-70 years, possibly even more life that I have life left? Do I want structure mighty tall towers that touch the sky? Do I want to manage tens of billions of dollars of people’s money? Do I want to be an artist? Do I want to start my own successful enterprises? Or, will I fall into poverty, wage slavery, financial misery, and do nothing? Do I just sit there with student loan debt and not take action. Do I let my time to be spent in a matter I would not like, but â€Å"forced† so? So, many questions, so many possible answers to consider, let us consider some ultimate goals that have many ways to fortune, happiness, and success. First what do I, not anyone else, consider a success to be? Does it mean fame, power, and influence? Does it mean secrecy and peaceful. It depends on which one gives me the most utility of my life. I consider one is a success is to have control over time, to not have being dependent on anyone. I do have to put â€Å"work† over everyone else. If I could I could just walk off the job if I wanted and not have to worry about my standard of living going down. That presents a choice for me today, what do I have to sacrifice today to achieve tomorrow’s results and goals? Can I careless about debt and ring up the cash register for little toys that are going to be worthless in the future? Besides the fact of student loans, will I take out auto loans, go into credit card debt, and lose precious years of compounding to debt? All of the years that I will need for paying debt for l... ...icked a job and give a surmise of it. But, I am purposely being opaque. It just makes life all the better for me. It leaves for the reader (including the writer that is reading the text as he writes) to decide. Clearly there is a road that I am going down, which lane I am going down is to be known later. The basic topic of this essay is what you want to be when you grow up. Frankly, I will never stop growing. I might have some roles when I am growing up. While others fear about age, I love what it can bring. Ubiquitous thinking, eh, so as the writing goes to formal to causal to formal again, I will not recap what we learned. It is far easier for the reader to flip back to first three pages. Saves me a whole lot of time too, and time is a precious currency. This essay was started at 5:35am 7/25/13 and finished around 8 am that day. I hope you have a wonderful day

Choice theory

The term choice theory has originated from the work of Dr. William Glasser, MD, an American psychiatrist from Cleveland, Ohio; and which was popularized through his book of the same title released in 1998. Choice theory is the culmination of Glasser’s research work on psychology and counseling spanning 50 years. It used to called control theory, and is the foundation of Glasser’s Reality Therapy, a particular approach used in psychotherapy and counseling which was developed in the 1960’s. This approach focuses on the present emotional status of a person and the possible ways on creating a better future, instead of concentrating on his past.Reality therapy establishes a person’s ability in making decisions, taking actions in his life, and being able to control his life. This approach allows a person in discovering what they really want in their lives, and learns whether their current activities are actually leading them to their actual goals. Reality therap y has gained a decent following in the United States and is now widely used in the field of education. Choice theory considers that behavior is the center of human existence. Human existence is further determined by the five genetically driven needs, which includes survival, belonging, power, freedom, and fun.According to Maslow, survival includes man’s basic biological needs such as food, clothing, and shelter. The remaining four are the fundamental psychological needs. This theory considers that among the five, the most important need is love, or belonging, due to the fact that a person’s closeness to the people he love and care about is an essential factor in satisfying all the five needs. Choice theory also includes the â€Å"seven caring habits†: supporting, encouraging, listening, accepting, trusting, respecting, and negotiating differences.Against these habits are the â€Å"seven deadly habits†: criticizing, blaming, complaining, nagging, threateni ng, punishing, and bribing or rewarding in order to control. Choice theory and the seven caring habits are aimed to replace and counteract the so-called external control psychology and the seven deadly habits, which is believed to be the present state of mind of most people in the world. The seven deadly habits are believed to be destroying relationships because it ruins a person’s ability to find satisfaction in his relationship.This further results to people getting disconnected from the people they care about, and which would prove to be the cause of most problems in the society at present: illnesses, depression, substance abuse, and uncontrolled violence, and rising crime rates. Choice theory then presents ten axioms, and these are: 1. The only person whose behavior we can control is our own. 2. All we can give another person is information. 3. All long-lasting psychological problems are relationship problems. 4. The problem relationship is always part of our present life . 5.What happened in the past has everything to do with what we are today, but we can only satisfy our basic needs right now and plan to continue satisfying them in the future. 6. We can only satisfy our needs by satisfying the pictures in our Quality World. 7. All we do is behave. 8. All behavior is Total Behavior and is made up of four components: acting, thinking, feeling and physiology. 9. All Total Behavior is chosen, but we only have direct control over the acting and thinking components. We can only control our feeling and physiology indirectly through how we choose to act and think. 10.All Total Behavior is designated by verbs and named by the part that is the most recognizable. The idea of the existence of a â€Å"quality world† is presented by choice theory, which states that a person, beginning at birth and throughout his life, places everything important to him, including people, his beliefs, materials things, and other valuables into this world. The person then b ehaves throughout his life to achieve a real world based on his quality world. Related to the ideas of a person’s real and quality worlds is the â€Å"comparing place† where the real world is compared to the quality world.With the idea of â€Å"total behavior†, Glasser believes that among the four components, a person can only exert control over two, which are acting and thinking; and have limited capacity to influence the other two, feeling and physiology. As these four are interconnected, the manner by which a person acts and thinks has tremendous impact on his feelings and physiology. Glasser’s choice theory is one that is based psychology. The theory further states that most mental illnesses being experienced by most people in the world are caused by unhappiness.Mental illness is actually brought about by a person’s unhappiness and dissatisfaction in life. Although contested by most mainstream psychiatrists, Glasser’s theory is now used in a wider range of social issues including education, family, management, and mental health. His theories have gained popularity not only in the United States where they are most commonly used in education, but also in the global arena. Glasser’s choice theory is all about being able to choose how to live happily, how to make better decisions that satisfy a person’s need, how to responsibly take action, and how to take control of one’s life.This theory is all about living satisfactorily in order to lessen unhappiness, promote better relationships among people, and therefore eliminate mental illness in the world today. Sources: Furr, Lee W. and W. Hugh Furr. (2006, March 14). Choice Theory Psychology. [Electronic Document]. http://www. choicetheory. com/ The William Glasser Institute. (2006, May 11). Choice Theory. [Electronic Document]. http://www. wglasser. com/whatisct. htm Schneller, Peter L. (2005, August 30). Choice Theory. [Electronic Document]. http://ra ider. muc. edu/~schnelpl/Control Theory – Overhead. html

Operah

Winfred The individuals Pathway to Leadership- Born into a broken home in rural Mississippi on January 9, 1954 Opera Wineries troubled adolescence and life experiences made her the amazingly influential woman she is today. Testing her circumstances and blossoming into an inspirational young actress, producer and highly powerful host of the popular ‘The Opera Winfred Show, the power of media enabled her to enlighten millions of viewers and develop into a â€Å"global media leader,† while her accomplishments and charitable endeavourers have established her as a respected leader in the public eye.However none of this was without, tremendous suffering, trauma and struggle. As an unwanted child raised by her grandmother, Opera experienced a childhood of constant insecurity and after moving in with her mother (Veranda Lee) at the age of 6 became a victim of sexual abuse by male relatives. Suffering from this trauma Opera turned rebellious and at the tender age 14 gave birth to a premature baby that died. After choosing to move in with her father (Vernon Winfred) as a teenager her life changed completely.With her father insisting on discipline and control Opera gained the ability to find tidiness and motivation to excel in school and change her life. Wining a college scholarship that allowed her to attend Tennessee State University, in 1971 when she was, she began working part time as a radio announcer in Nashville where she became the first black female and youngest news anchor at the station. In 1973, Opera moved to Baltimore, where she hosted the TV chat show People Are Talking. The show became a hit and 8 years later she was recruited by a Chicago TV station to host her own morning show, ‘AM Chicago.The very first episode aired on the 2nd January 1984 and within few months, Winery's open, warm-hearted personal style and willingness to help others had had taken her show from last place to first in the ratings. Furthermore due to the success of th e television show, it was renamed ‘The Opera Winfred Show, which broadcasted nationally on the 8th September 1986. This made Winfred the first African American to host a talk show that was nationally syndicated. ‘The Opera Winfred Show broadcasted for twenty-five years from the 8th September 1986 to 25th May 2011.After taking every conflict she experienced as a hill and using it in a positive way, throughout Opera Wineries pathway to leadership she became possibly one of the most powerful and influential women in television.. The leadership style- Leadership relates to the guidance and direction an individual gives to others in order to attain a goal. A leader has capabilities that enable them to communicate and inspire group members in order to fulfill a task. Opera Winfred encompasses a number of different leadership styles to effectively touch, inspire and communicate with her audience.Her leadership style is a collaboration of task-orientated, people orientated, coll aborative, transformational and cultural values. Transformational Leaders are those who are highly inspiring and motivational. They are effective at addressing groups who require stimulation and encouragement. Transformational leaders are often highly respected by the audience/group members benefiting from their leadership. Generally, they focus of individual development and in turn, group development Opera is possibly one of the most inspiring women in television.With the struggle of her upbringing that she openly expresses to her audience on her how too her tremendous accomplishment today, it's easily seen that individuals are greatly inspired by her. She is persuasive and compelling, coaches her audience to take on greater obstacles and praises them for their efforts. Wineries inspirational way of leadership makes her the unique leader she is known as today. Cultural Leaders are those who represent the values and standards of specific cultures in their leadership approach.They in corporate the cultural beliefs and practices of the various cultural groups they are leading. In upholding this definition, as Winfred was rough up as a deprived African American she relates especially easily with the African culture of America and has become a major role model for the under privileged African Americans who watch and take guidance from her television show. Winfred furthermore possesses the ability to empathic with other African Americans due to her first hand knowledge and experiences making her such the unique and powerful leader she is.Task orientated leaders are those who are focused on the task at hand and are ambitious to complete the Job as proficiently and successfully as possible. Their ability to communicate to ensure a task is achievable is typically phenomenal. Opera Winfred, as shown in her show is capable of achieving individual's dreams by constantly giving. Her generosity is absurd and her willingness to meet other people's sufficient needs is incredi ble. This is shown in her show where in each week we observe generous amounts of money and luxurious gifts being given away.People orientated leaders focus on ensuring group members are content and satisfied with their role and function within the group. Opera says ‘my team is my family. Majority of her success has been from her great ability to organize and manage her â€Å"family' also known as her production team. Without those around her, helping her to create such a highly successful and beneficial television show and her ability to keep each and every one of them satisfied the show would not run near as smooth nor be as victorious as it is today. Collaborative leaders are democratic in their leadership style and look to guarantee equal group involvement.They greatly value teamwork and group effort and share common goals with others. Collaborative leaders look to ensure all members feel valued which in turn reduces conflict with a group. This is shown in Operas TV show w hen she collaborates with her guests such as Ellen Designers. It is also seen, as mentioned above in her concern and longing to work cohesively and keep her crew happy as not only did the nurturing of each of these relationships inform her success in the present, it set up her future and the future of her show.Opera combines various characteristics of each of these leadership styles to effectively communicate and empathic with her audience which is exemplified in her ability to look at issues from various perspectives and relate as well as help so many different individuals, making her such an influential and successful leader today. Effectiveness of the leadership Throughout the last two-and-a-half decades Opera has built an incredible empire; the key to her success and the effectiveness of this being her incomparable personality traits.Her message and example of positivist to â€Å"live your best life† endears her to everyone around her. Opera continuously is held in the hi ghest esteem because of her humor, reliability and optimism. Compassionate, humble, wise, unbiased and generous, Opera invited a world of strangers into her life – and we let her into ours. In doing this, her powerful message and leadership became relied on by people of all religious and cultural backgrounds. She effectively built a community based on that shared experience as well as her personal attributes that became too lovable and charming to resist.Her accomplishments as a global media leader and humanitarian have established her as one of the most respected and admired public figures today. One of Opera's main strengths as a leader has been creating a vision of her success, communicating that vision to those around her and being resolute in its doing what she set out. Step by step Opera crafted a focused brand and then slowly built it out by branching its distribution. After the success of her show came her company, the production of movies and other TV shows, multiple charitable foundations, a magazine, a radio channel and a website.In April 2000, Opera and Hearst Magazines introduced O, The Opera Magazine, a monthly magazine that has become one of today's leading women's lifestyle publications. With inspiring messages and compelling stories, Opera's union became bigger and better. In April 2002, Opera launched the first international edition of O, The Opera Magazine in South Africa, extending her live your best life message to another broad audience. Opera soon after launched â€Å"Opera & Friends† satellite radio channel in September 2006, which was renamed â€Å"Opera Radio† in 2009.Effectively more people now became able to take from Opera's leadership. Through her private charity, The Opera Winfred Foundation, she has awarded hundreds of grants to organizations that support the education and empowerment of women, children and families in the United States and around the world. Amongst her various humanitarian contributions, sh e has donated millions of dollars toward providing a better education for children in order to ensure their upbringing did not parallel hers.She also created â€Å"The Opera Winfred Scholars Program,† which gives scholarships to students determined to use their education to give back to their communities in the United States and abroad. Her exceeding generosity fails to cease with gifts and money given away every show. Three of the main foundations that she donates to are The Angel Network, The Opera Winfred Foundation and The Opera Winfred Operating Foundation. Not only does she gift with money and expensive gifts but also achieves aging dreams come true for individuals throughout the world.

Analyse the ways in which different pre 1914 poets Essay Example

Analyse the ways in which different pre 1914 poets Essay Example Analyse the ways in which different pre 1914 poets Paper Analyse the ways in which different pre 1914 poets Paper Essay Topic: Poetry In this essay, I will be writing about how the relationships between the men and the women are. My main focus is on the relationships of love in all the poems from the pre 1914 poem clusters. All five poems comprises of including love and the mutual relationship between both the sexes. The themes used throughout the poems are associated with love, jealousy and wealth. These are the three main causes of destruction of ones life. It can pressurize you to do anything. For example, in My Last Duchess the duke kills the duchess for personal gains and the cause of her death was the dukes jealousy of the duchess talking with other men joyfully. Also, in The Highway Man they show how the wife sacrifices her life to save her husbands life, this is because of their relationship of marriage, romance and love. When we read the five poems, we gather that the poems all have different motifs of the relationships in the poems. The authors use language techniques to deliver the impact and emphasis of the poem to the reader such as by using ellipses to create dramatic effects, repetition to render emphasis on the word and imagery to produce a vivid image for the reader to visualize the story. They all differ from each other in many ways. All the poems use different word selections and all the poems use different settings of places. All the poems have different attitudes towards how the characters portray hate on the basis for their own love or gain, for example, The Laboratory, the lady in the poem is preparing a potion to kill her husbands relationship with another woman or lovers affair with another woman to show how much she is possessive about her husband or lover. There is no reference in the poem to as to she is referring to her husband or lover. In the era of which these poems were written, men were thought to be superior and women were treated no more than merely being house wives. In some of the poems such as The Laboratory the woman is killing another woman to save her own life from being destructed and this issue is all because of her husband or lover. The common relationships between the poems are of how all of the poems involve romance in some form if tied in a relationship or not but however they are mystical, mythical or unrealistic. La Belle Dame Sans Merci shows a mystical woman and how the knight falls in love with her. All the poems have two to four characters included which of them two are the man and the woman who are in love or hate relationship and the others being jealous. My interpretation will be on My Last Duchess by Robert Browning and La Belle Dame Sans Merci by John Keats. Both titles may tell the reader what the poem is based on and what may happen. In the poem, My Last Duchess, the duke explains how she was his LAST duchess and what happened to her. Brownings poem is a dramatic monologue and the La Belle Dame Sans Merci being a ballad which is known for the end to be tragic in French meaning the beautiful woman with no mercy. This title shows us how there would be a good looking girl who used her beauty to entice the men. Ballads are poems that are usually sung in an orchestral manner and emphasises on stress lines. Dramatic monologues is like a speech made by one of the character. The main story of My Last Duchess in brief would be that there was a duke who had ordered his wife to be killed as he was not satisfied of her due to her exchanging smiles with other men. He felt unsecured and also jealous of her wife being so beautiful that she could attract other people and that the other men would look at her and compliment her. The core narrative in La Belle Dame Sans Merci was about an unknown woman who spoke another language and maybe mythical. The writer does not give us full details about the lady and the information given is vague and is left for the reader to complete her description. The knight meets this mysterious lady that captures him into her trap. Alone and palely loitering he is shown as being lonely and depressed throughout the poem and also fantasises in being in love with a faerys child. There are a lot of different ways to explore ideas in the two poems. The methods used in both of the poems are to define the settings to a limit in to where the characters of the poem can be introduced. In the first two stanzas of La Belle Dame Sans Merci, the poet describes the nature by the use of tame animals as no birds sing and the squirrels granary is full. Similarly, in My Last Duchess the first 10 lines starts informally with vivid and abrupt information about who the duchess was and who painted the portrait. Noticing that there is no reference of the word duke throughout the whole poem and he is only shown as husband, your master and sir. He does not call himself the duke and he uses his predominance with his royal word selection. Throughout the poem, in My Last Duchess, the duke shows him self as being a highly and bossy aristocrat. He dislikes his last duchess because she had a flirtatious nature and she was too soon made glad. He felt real timid in the sense of losing her. He did not appreciate her flirting with other men. The dukes attitude is exposed by the ellipses which show the emphasised dramatic pauses. He doesnt positively comment on the duchesss personality and only makes remarks on how her body figure is and how his favour at her breast was. This poem is spoken in 1st person with a silent listener. This shows that the duke was not fond of being interrupted between his talks and also he expected the listener to listen well. The duke emphasises on the painting as if it were a masterpiece drawn by a great artist. He also is very proud of nine-hundred-years-old name showing the different types of arts he had that he was loved arts of different eras and also getting it specially painted by a great artist who is unknown but told to the readers to be Fra` Pandolf. He places this hand painted picture behind the curtain. Before her death, she was smiling at every man that she saw, but now she is powered by the duke himself as to who sees the picture and who doesnt. I gave commands; then all smiles stopped together with his one order she is killed or locked up, and this is a matter that needs to be hidden as the law can suspect him fro murder. He was not scared of anyone because he had power and ego that would not stoop. He gets his servants in to Notice Neptune, though, taming a sea horse, Neptune being the Roman god of sea whose chariots are pulled by sea horses. The duke takes the women to be sea horses. Throughout the poem, the main theme is about jealousy. The duke being very ominous is very arrogant because of his status and power. Out of all the characters, he is at the top of the hierarchy and he also takes law in to his own hands without being ashamed of admitting his crime. This shows that he is in level with god to kill and take lives of people. The dukes relationship with the duchess was a divine bond of marriage which comprises of some mutual promises. As observed in the poem, he did not treat the duchess like his wife and only used her for a figure and femininity. He was too over protective over his wife because her looks went everywhere. The duke did not want to stoop in to wasting his time teaching his wife (s) what he expected them of and to what standards. The duke is also sceptical as he highlights that this is his last duchess. La Belle Dame Sans Merci is a folk ballad by John Keats. This ballad conveys a moral and a lot of repetition are used to create emphasis. In the first three stanzas there is not much details about the characters and sets the scene as where the event followed by happens. In the poem, lots of imagery is used to create prominence towards the dramatic effect. For example, cheeks a fading rose this line makes the reader visualise the fading pink in their minds. This tries to put the reader in to the book as they are included by imagery. This poem is left for the reader to understand and to allow them to use their imagination. This poem is read out in first person, and there is a silent listener. In the poem, there are many references to warning but it is left aside by the knight as he was captured in to the unknown ladys web. Her eyes were wild, made sweet moan and language strange shows us that she was weird and abnormal. It also shows how wild she was and the reader can maybe call her to be a vicious animal. In this poem, the relationship is controlled by the unknown lady. They have romance and the knight thought that she said I love thee true in a different language being fantasising until he is being made to sleep by the lady. The relationship between the unknown lady and this knight are formal and they are two strangers. They fall in love from the knights point of view. The person saying the poem could be the narrator or an imaginary person. They have no proper relationship between the two other than the romance they have between them. This poem conversely, with the other poem, shows that the woman had more power than the man in this poem because of her beauty and in My Last Duchess the man had more power because of his wealth and status. My Last Duchess being written in 1842, shows more new English than the La Belle Dame Sans Merci which is written in 1819 which is generally old English. Women were still unequal to men at those times and were thought as a mans possession and nothing more. They did not have much fame in this period of early pre 19th century poems. Robert browning had more experience in writing poems than John Keats as he died at the age of 26 and My Last Duchess was written where Browning was 30 years old. In the poem, My Last Duchess, there is a reference to his old name and he is proud of it. Hes been passed this wealth and status by his ancestors. In La Belle Dame Sans Merci, there is no context of historical background shown. In this era, the audience use to be interested in love and hate related poems. We can research that My Last Duchess was based in Italy as Ferrara was a city in the north of Italy and La Belle Dame Sans Merci being in France or Britain, because the title itself suggests it would be in France. Nearly all men at that era were centric as they had pride in themselves of being a man. The understanding of the knight is clear to the readers whereas the unknown eccentric lady who spoke another language was left half described and this was because Keats wanted the reader to use their imagination to create the other half. The language of the poems can suggest different states of mind. When we look at the language, we can tell around what year it was written in. The language used would not be written in these days. The formality in My Last Duchess can be seen clearly compared to La Belle Dame Sans Merci just by looking at the two poems side by side. There is language techniques used in both poems. In My Last Duchess, Browning uses vague language and also the language evidently shows how the duchess was killed because of her physical appearance and her flirtatious nature. The poet also includes verbal irony between the listener and the duke. In La Belle Dame Sans Merci, some old words are used such as sedge and woe betide which shows the language to be Victorian and to be in old English, whereas in comparison to the My Last Duchess, the poet uses words that are understandable in modern English. The structure of the poem is also important. The structure of My Last Duchess includes iambic pentameters for e. g. lines 1-2 from My Last Duchess. It also has a ABAB rhyming scheme throughout the whole poem. The structure of this poem being a dramatic monologue the speaker is telling the whole poem with a silent listener in the poem. There is more dramatic effect and we sympathize with the speaker as he is telling a story from his point of view. The structure of La Belle Dame Sans Merci uses a typical ballad-style rhyming scheme by using ABCB. There are 8 syllables in the first three lines of each stanza and the last being 4 syllables. This shows us that the first three lines are longer than the last line which is a quick paced sentence. This poem being a folk ballad, there is a story in a song and has 4-6 lines in each stanza. Keats also used melancholy as a base theme for the knight as before he met the lady, he was depressed and even after meeting the lady, he is shown as being more depressed and lonelier. Keats shows this distress by the repetition of alone in the first and the last stanza which shows he was distressed and still is distressed after falling in love with a mystical woman. All the poems share some common characteristics of the theme of love, hate and jealousy. They are pre 19th poems which were likely to include these themes in the poem to gain readers interest. There are some similarities between the poems. All of them include some sort of romance between the man and the woman but most of them are mystical, mythical or unrealistic or they involve some of the characters to be lonely. Most of the poems also include references to aristocracy. The main key reference is to death. All the poems include death in some form. The poets all use symbolism within their poems by using colour or natural imagery. On the other hand, they also have differences between all the five poems. The titles of the poems refer to a character in the poem such as My Last Duchess being the duchess in the poem, The Highway Man being the highway man itself. Jealousy is involved in all the poems other than La Belle Dame Sans Merci as there are two people involved and there is no hate but a mystical character takes the life of a real person. Finally, two of the poems are monologues and the other three poems are ballads. My favourite poem was The Highway Man because it was a tragic story in a poem and being a ballad its meant to be sung. It is livelier if you are listening to the ballad of this poem being sung. It was a theme based on sacrifice and immense love that the two lovers would give their life away to save the other. There is a solemn understanding between the characters until the third person who is jealous comes in to their peaceful lives to disrupt them and at this extent to have them killed as he was in love with the highway mans wife. Alfred Noyes uses the typical structure of setting the scene, introducing the characters, the plot and then the ending. The characters also match with the period as in the pre 19th century, the highway men were seen as romantic figures, bold and dressed formally. The poem I disliked was The Lady of Shalott by Alfred Tennyson. I disliked this poem because the poem is really unrealistic and now in modern days, no one believes in curses as much as they do in ghosts. They would rather agree with the knight that he was talking to a unknown lady than to agree with someone getting cursed and then therefore they can only see the town in the mirrors reflection. It is more like a fairy tale than a poem thats in a ballad form.

FTC Warns of Check Overpayment Scams

FTC Warns of 'Check Overpayment' Scams The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) is warning consumers of a dangerous and growing swindle called the â€Å"check overpayment† scam, now the fifth most common telemarketing fraud and the fourth most common Internet scam ever reported. In the check overpayment scam, the person you are doing business with sends you a check for more than the amount they owe you, and then instructs you to wire the balance back to them. Or, they send a check and tell you to deposit it, keep part of the amount for your own compensation, and then wire the rest back for one reason or another. The results are the same: the check eventually bounces, and you’re stuck, responsible for the full amount, including what you wired to the scammer. Typical victims include persons selling something over the Internet, being paid to do work at home, or being sent â€Å"advance winnings† in a bogus sweepstakes. The checks in this scam are fake but they look real enough to fool most bankers. Look Out! The FTC offers the following tips for avoiding the check overpayment scam: Know who you’re dealing with – independently confirm your buyer’s name, street address, and telephone number.Never agree to wire back funds to a buyer a legitimate buyer will not pressure you to do so, and you have limited recourse if there is a problem with a wire transfer.If you’re selling something over the Internet, say â€Å"no† to a check for more than your selling price, no matter how tempting the plea or convincing the story.Resist pressure to â€Å"act now.† If the buyer’s offer is good now, it should be good when the check clears.If you accept payment by check, ask for a check drawn on a local bank or a bank with a local branch. You can visit that bank branch to determine if the check is legitimate.There is no legitimate reason for someone who is giving you money to ask you to wire money back.Consider an alternative method of payment, such as an escrow service or online payment service. If the buyer wants to use a service yo u have not heard of, be sure to check it out to be sure it is reliable – check its website, call its customer service hotline, and read its terms of agreement and privacy policy. If you do not feel comfortable with the service, do not use it. The Lottery Winner Version In another version of this scam, the victim is sent a fake check for â€Å"foreign lottery winnings,† but is told they need to wire the sender the required foreign government’s taxes or fees on the prize before they can cash the check. After sending the fees, the consumer tries to cash the check, only to be told the sender is trapped in a foreign nation with no way to produce the cash. The FTC warns consumers to â€Å"throw away any offer that asks you to pay for a prize or free gift; and do not enter foreign lotteries – most solicitations for them are fraudulent, and it is illegal to play a foreign lottery through the mail or by telephone.† Resources More advice on how to be on guard against Internet fraud is available at OnGuardOnline.gov . Consumers are asked to report check overpayment scams to their state Attorney General, the National Fraud Information Center/Internet Fraud Watch, a service of the National Consumers League  or 1-800-876-7060, or the FTC at www.ftc.gov or 1-877-FTC-HELP.

Researching 3 Occupations Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Researching 3 Occupations - Research Paper Example and influenced organizations, developing and maintenance of databases related to the work, and tracking and monitoring of the same activities performed by other organizations. In addition, international relations officer is responsible to design effective strategies, utilize professional insight and knowledge in order to determine effective outputs for the projects yet to be employed (Segal, 2003). A number of organizations require IR officer to assist other departments for concrete development and growth within the organization, effective communication within the organization and outside the boundaries of organization as well, and take responsibility of coordination, development, maintenance and growth of works assigned. The educational requirements for the job of international relation officer demands a bachelor’s/ diploma degree in the related field of international relations or more. Work experience is extremely important and crucial, as the job is very sensitive in nature. Most organizations require at least 5 years of experience of working in a reputed organization (Maxwell, 2005). Fundamental knowledge of business and international relations is very fruitful for this kind of job. Previous records of brilliant work history are extremely effective in getting a job for international relations officer. This job provides a working environment full of effective learning and skilled work experiences. The physical nature of job is mainly the office work accompanied by international traveling at times. The international relations officer come across a number of local as well as international clients, that makes this job some more interesting and valuable. The working are normal as all the other offices, however, in urgent situations or busy days the working hours can extend from the normal value (Damp, 2008). The relationships with office colleagues is of significant importance in this job environment, as the position is all about maintaining effective

Scenario Neighbourhood Dispute Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Scenario Neighbourhood Dispute - Essay Example In addition, anything and everything should be considered as evidence. Whether this evidence is physical or testimonial, it must be preserved, noted, and brought to the attention of the investigators. The only evidence collected at this point of the investigation is eyewitness accounts or spontaneous statements of a suspect at the scene. After the scene is secured, immediate and appropriate notification must be made to the investigators. If a murder case ends in failure or an officer is embarrassed in court, the primary reason may very well be an inadequate examination of the homicide scene or a failure to implement good basic crime scene procedures as availed. More so the fate of the people being affected can be saved as earliest as possible and when police responds effectively, further damages are eliminated. This is a Domestic violence since it incurs a dispute in family possibly between a husband and wife. Domestic violence is a pattern of assaultive and coercive behaviors, including physical, sexual and psychological attacks that adults or adolescents use against their intimate partners. However, current guidelines and policies involve; Training for all security personnel on domestic violence and workplace violence, notifying the security department of any patient or employee who is a victim, notifying staff when security officers witness threats or abusive behavior toward patients and Coordinating with local law enforcement. The police are expected to make sure that the scene is under supervision by availing no crossing tags to enables people around be aware of the seriousness the events is to be considered. The police needs to raise an alert that anyone who tries to interfere with evidence will be prosecuted and reined in court for such offence. Event 3: The police officer speaks to the complainant who explains to them that